Resumen La fístula aortoentérica es una patología poco frecuente, pero de riesgo vital, asociada a alta morbimortalidad. Puede ser primaria (aneurisma, neoplasia, radioterapia, infección) o secundaria a prótesis vascular. El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento quirúrgico agresivo son los pilares fundamentales para lograr buenos resultados en estos pacientes. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la importancia del diagnóstico precoz de la fístula aortoentérica y su manejo multidisciplinar, mediante la presentación de un caso clínico.

Abstract Aortoenteric fistula is an uncommun life-threatening condition which remains associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It can be primary (aneurysm, neoplasms, radiation therapy, infection) or secondary to vascular prosthesis. Early diagnosis and aggressive surgical treatment are very important to achieve optimal outcomes in these patients. The aim of this article is to highlight the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach of aortoenteric fistula through the presentation of a clinical case.

Resumen: El presente trabajo se centra en analizar los aspectos definidores de dos de los derechos fundamentales proclamados en el primer apartado del artículo 18 de la Constitución Española de 1978, el derecho a la intimidad personal y familiar por un lado y el derecho a la propia imagen por el otro. Por ello, es necesario conocer y delimitar ambos derechos como independientes el uno del otro pero que a la vez se encuentran tan conectados. Analizar por lo tanto, el objeto y naturaleza, el contenido, así como delimitar los sujetos titulares y los límites existentes a estos derechos de carácter personal y fundamental, es la tarea que aborda el presente estudio.

Abstract: The present study focuses on analyzing two defining aspects of fundamental rights enshrined in the first paragraph of Article 18 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978, the right to personal and family privacy on the one hand and the right to self-image by other. Therefore it is necessary to know and define both rights as independent from each other but both are so connected. Analyze therefore the object and nature, content and subject delineate existing holders and limits these personal rights and fundamental task is addressed in this study.

Resumo: Este artigo se concentra na análise dos aspectos definidores de dois dos direitos proclamados no artigo 18 da constituição espanhola de 1978, o direito à privacidade pessoal e familiar, por um lado, e o direito à própria imagem, por outro. Por isso, é necessário conhecer e definir ambos os direitos como independentes um do outro, mas ao mesmo tempo conectados. Analisar, portanto, o objeto e a natureza, o conteúdo, bem como delimitar os sujeitos titulares e os limites existentes a esses direitos de caráter pessoal e fundamental, é a tarefa que este estudo aborda.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hematologic abnormalities are frequent among persons living with HIV (PLWH). The bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and biopsy (BMB) are commonly performed in the diagnostic approach of patients with unexplained cytopenias. Changes in antiretrovirals, supportive therapy and increased life expectancy have modified the distribution and etiology of cytopenias, questioning their use. Our aim was to analyze the diagnostic yield of BMA, BMB and marrow cultures for the evaluation of cytopenias in PLWH. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort of ≥ 18-year-old PLWH undergoing bone marrow assessment (MA) for the evaluation of cytopenias between January 2002 and December 2015. Results: A total of 236 cytopenic events were analyzed, 47.9% being PLWH who had a longstanding diagnosis (≥ 1 year). Adherence to antiretrovirals was 63.5%. Anemia was seen in 91.9% and pancytopenia in 39%. Common presentations included fever (52.1%), weight loss (42.8%) and adenopathies (28.8%). Median days from detection to MA was 5 (0 – 63 days). Most common etiologies were non-HIV infectious diseases (31.4%) and benign/malignant hematologic diseases (26.3%). The diagnostic yield was 16.1% for BMA, 20.3% for BMB, 30.5% for both and 35.6% when cultures were added. Patients most likely to have conclusive MA were those with moderate/severe thrombocytopenia (p = 0.007). Fever, splenomegaly, and low CD4+ counts were associated with infectious etiologies, while hematologic diagnoses were related to the presence of adenopathies. Conclusion: As a minimally invasive intervention, the MA has a high yield for identifying the etiology of cytopenic events in PLWH, being conclusive in one in three patients. Early performance could lead to prompt diagnosis and timely therapy initiation.

Resumen En los escasos edificios ex profeso de algunas logias masónicas del estado de Nuevo León se observa una composición de inspiración academicista, resaltando de entre ellas el común denominador de la tripartición vertical. No obstante, surge la pregunta: ¿cuáles son los conceptos arquitectónicos que coadyuvan a identificar las fachadas de estas logias masónicas? En el presente trabajo, se analizarán fachadas de logias masónicas con tripartición vertical, observando en su composición y variaciones tanto en sus estilos como en los lenguajes arquitectónicos propios del momento de su construcción. Combinando así las composiciones arquitectónicas a través de los símbolos de la sociabilidad ritualista.

Abstract In the few buildings of masonic lodges in the state of Nuevo León, a composition with a common denominator of tripartition can be seen, which is apparently of academic inspiration. This paper will seek to identify the architectural elements that distinguish the façades of these Masonic lodges. An analysis will be made of the tripartite façades of these Masonic lodges, observing in their composition variations of both style and architectural language that are typical of the historical moment of their construction, as well as combining architectural decoration with the symbols of the fraternity.

ABSTRACT Background: Early post-liver transplant (LT) acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with worse short-term and long-term outcomes, but the incidence and risk factors in our population are unknown. Methods: We designed a prospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study to determine the incidence of AKI during the immediate postoperative period of LT, and to identify the risk factors associated with AKI after LT. Pre-operative and intraoperative variables were analyzed to determine if there was any correlation with the development of post-operative AKI. Results: Eighty-six patients were included in the final analysis; from them, 45 (52%) developed AKI in the following 30 days after LT. The presence of hepatic encephalopathy prior to LT was the factor most strongly associated with the development of AKI (Relative Risk 3.67, 95% Confidence Interval 1.08-8.95). Other factors associated with AKI development were male gender and a higher serum lactate during surgery. Conclusion: AKI was a frequent complication that significantly worsened the prognosis of LT recipients and was associated with an increased 30-day mortality rate. The presence of hepatic encephalopathy strongly predicted the development of severe AKI.

ABSTRACT In a minority of patients with long-standing Crohn’s ileitis, the recrudescence of symptoms may represent a neoplasm involving the ileum that is clinically indistinguishable from the baseline disease and therefore poorly suspected. Tumors are often diagnosed in the surgical specimen, after an intervention due to bleeding or bowel obstruction. The aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of the differential diagnoses of terminal ileitis in a patient with CD with poor response to medical treatment.

RESUMEN En una minoría de pacientes con ileítis de Crohn (EC) de larga evolución, la recrudescencia de los síntomas puede representar una neoplasia ileal, con una clínica indistinguible de la enfermedad basal y por ende poco sospechada. Frecuentemente la patología tumoral se diagnostica en la pieza quirúrgica, tras una intervención por hemorragia u obstrucción intestinal. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la importancia de un diagnóstico diferencial ante una ileítis terminal en un paciente con EC con mala respuesta a tratamiento médico.

Abstract The deuteration of organic compounds has contributed to several fields of scientific knowledge, such as analytical, medicinal, organic chemistry, and polymer science. In this manuscript the concepts of kinetic isotopic effects, synthesis of deuterated compounds, and principal applications of deuteration are summarized to obtain a brief article that serves to teach multidisciplinary sciences to undergraduate chemists.

Resumen La deuteración de compuestos orgánicos ha contribuido a varios campos del conocimiento científico, como la química analítica, médica, orgánica y de polímeros. En este manuscrito se resumen los conceptos de efectos isotópicos cinéticos, síntesis de compuestos deuterados y principales aplicaciones de la deuteración para obtener un breve artículo que sirva para enseñar ciencias multidisciplinarias a estudiantes de química.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the top cause of mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of myocardial infarction has decreased substantially in the United States in recent decades, they have not ceased to have a strong socioeconomic and occupational impact. Objective: To identify predictive factors of mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Method: An analytical study was carried out in 118 patients, admitted to two hospitals in Santiago de Cuba, from January 2017 to December 2019. Data analysis was based on the construction of a multivariate model (multivariable logistic regression) to identify predictors of mortality. Results: There were 15 deaths in total during hospitalization period. In the research, men marked the difference, without being able to statistically associate this gender variable with mortality; however, age over 80 years old (RR 7.89; 95% CI: 1.97-7.93; p<0.0001), cardiogenic shock (RR 8.12; CI 95%: 2.85-9.18; p=0.001), not applying thrombolysis (RR 9.13; CI 95%: 3.32-9.45; p=0.001), therapeutic window greater than six hours (RR 16.96; CI 95%: 9.79-62.90; p<0.0001), and the inferior wall myocardial infraction (RR 7.89; CI 95%: 1.97-7.93; p<0.0001), showed a highly significant statistical association with mortality. Conclusions: Some predictive factors of mortality were identified for STEMI, where age older than 80 years old, cardiogenic shock and a therapeutic window longer than six hours stand as the main causal factors in the pathophysiological and statistical explanation of mortality.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la mayor causa de mortalidad del orbe. A pesar de que la incidencia del infarto de miocardio ha disminuido en Estados Unidos, sustancialmente en las últimas décadas, no han dejado de tener un fuerte impacto socioeconómico-laboral. Objetivo: Identificar los factores predictivos de mortalidad en los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IMACEST). Método: Se realizó un estudio analítico con 118 pacientes, ingresados en dos hospitales de Santiago de Cuba, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2017 y diciembre de 2019. El análisis de los datos se basó en la construcción de un modelo multivariado (regresión logística multivariable) para identificar los factores predictivos de la mortalidad. Resultados: Hubo un total de 15 fallecidos durante el período de hospitalización. En la investigación los hombres marcaron la diferencia, sin poder asociar estadísticamente la variable de género con la mortalidad; sin embargo, la edad mayor a 80 años (RR 7,89; IC 95%: 1,97-7,93; p<0,0001), el shock cardiogénico (RR 8,12; IC 95%: 2,85-9,18; p=0,001), no aplicar la trombólisis (RR 9,13; IC 95%: 3,32-9,45; p=0,001), la ventana terapéutica mayor de 6 horas (RR 16,96; IC 95%: 9,79-62,90; p<0,0001), y la localización inferior del infarto (RR 7,89; IC 95%: 1,97-7,93; p<0,0001), mostraron una asociación estadística muy significativa con la mortalidad. Conclusiones: Se identificaron algunos factores predictivos de mortalidad para el IMACEST, donde la edad mayor a los 80 años, el shock cardiogénico y una ventana terapéutica mayor de seis horas se erigen como los principales factores causales en la explicación fisiopatológica y estadística de la mortalidad.

ABSTRACT Background: Bone marrow evaluation (BME) is crucial for establishing an accurate staging and prognosis in lymphoma patients. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) against bone marrow biopsy (BMB) for BME. Methods: Five hundred patient files of newly diagnosed lymphoma patients treated at an academic medical center were reviewed for BME at diagnosis by BMB and FDG PET-CT. Diagnostic performance of FDG PET-CT for detecting bone marrow infiltration (BMI) was assessed, as well as clinical predictors for positive BMB and positive FDG PET-CT. Results: BMB was positive in 16.3% of all patients, and 28.7% had a positive FDG PET-CT for BMI. Overall, the sensitivity of FDG PET-CT was 74.1% and specificity 80.1%. As for predictors for BMB and FDG PET-CT positivity, B symptoms and thrombocytopenia were independent factors for BMI. Seventy-four patients had discordant results between BMB and FDG PET-CT, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) having the most significant discordance. This discrepancy did not affect treatment. Conclusions: FDG PET-CT shows excellent performance for the detection of BMI in Hodgkin lymphoma. For diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, we recommend performing BMB and FDG PET-CT as complementary tests. In all other NHL, a unilateral BMB is mandatory at diagnosis.

Abstract Cp2TiCl is a single electron transfer reagent which has contributed to several field of scientific knowledge, such as organic, inorganic, green and analytical chemistry. In this article the main reviews and some primary chemical literature is converted to a brief manuscript that serves to illustrate how a reagent can be used to teach multidisciplinary chemistry to undergraduate chemists and chemical engineers.

Resumen Cp2TiCl es un único reactivo de transferencia de electrones que ha contribuido en varios campos del conocimiento científico, como la química orgánica, inorgánica, ecológica y analítica. En este artículo, las revisiones principales y parte de la literatura química primaria se convierten en un breve manuscrito que sirve para ilustrar cómo se puede usar un reactivo para enseñar química multidisciplinaria a químicos e ingenieros químicos de pregrado.

Abstract The increase in shrimp aquaculture production relates to the development of increasingly efficient formulated feeds and feed management strategies. Protein, considered the most important ingredient in feeds, represent the highest economic and environmental cost. Therefore, determining the appropriate amount of protein is essential to maintain a balance between performance, cost, and environment in aquaculture systems. The objective of this study was to determine the mathematical functions of Daily Protein Intake (DPI), to evaluate feeds with different Carbohydrate/Crude protein (CBH:CP) ratio and low inclusion of fishmeal for L. vannamei juveniles culture. The adjusted mathematical function that best represented aquaculture feeding practices was DPI=44.7(BW)-0.714. In the first experiment, four variants of DPI (80, 100, 120 and 140 %) at a constant CBH:CP ratio was carried out, finding the best performance at 120 %. In the second experiment, diets with five levels of CBH:CP (g CBH: g crude protein; 2.1, 1.5, 1.1, 0.8 and 0.6) with constant Lip:CP were evaluated using the same DPI function. The CBH:CP levels variation had a significant effect on growth parameters, feed conversion rate, nitrogen retention and protein, determining that feed with 2.1 CBH:CP ratio presents the best results when using DPI=53.64(BW)-0.714.

Resumen El aumento de la producción acuícola de camarón se ha logrado gracias al desarrollo de alimentos balanceados y estrategias de alimentación más eficientes. La proteína es considerada el insumo más importante para el desarrollo de los organismos, y representa el mayor costo económico y ambiental. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las funciones matemáticas de ingesta diaria de proteína (IDP), con objeto de utilizarlas para evaluar dietas con diferentes proporciones de carbohidratos/proteína cruda (CHO:CP) y baja inclusión de harina de pescado en juveniles de L. vannamei. El modelo matemático que representó de mejor manera las prácticas de alimentación acuícolas evaluadas fue IDP=44.7(PC)-0.714. En el primer experimento se utilizaron cuatro niveles de variación de IDP (80, 100, 120 y 140 %) a una proporción CHO:CP constante, encontrando el mejor rendimiento con IDP 120 %. En el segundo experimento; se evaluaron dietas con cinco niveles de CHO:CP (g CHO:g proteína cruda; 2.1, 1.5, 1.1, 0.8 y 0.6) usando la mejor función de IDP. La variación de los niveles de CHO:CP tuvieron un efecto significativo en crecimiento, el factor de conversión alimenticia, retención de nitrógeno y eficiencia proteica, determinando que la dieta con CHO:CP de 2.1 presentó mejores resultados con IDP=53.64(PC)-0.714.

Abstract The term metabolic syndrome refers to a series of risk factors that lead to a metabolic imbalance. There are various causes in the development of metabolic syndrome, among the most prevalent are excessive calorie intake and low physical activity. The resulting imbalance between energy intake and expenditure leads to weigh gain in the form of adipose tissue, which is tightly linked to multiple metabolic anomalies. Metabolic syndrome and its consequences are a public health concern worldwide. Although epidemiologic studies provide ample information regarding the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, ethical and methodological concerns make research on animal models necessary. The choice of a particular model requires the careful analysis of the variables or phenomenon to be studied, as multiple animal models of metabolic syndrome are currently available. This review covers general elements of metabolic syndrome. In addition, we discuss basic aspects of the most common murine models, taking into account models induced by high-sugar diets, high-fat diets and genetic models. Particularly for high-fat diet models, other aspects are considered, such as the percentage of kcal from fat, the type of fatty acids included in the diet, as well as multigenerational effects.

Resumen El término síndrome metabólico se refiere a una serie de factores de riesgo que resultan de un desbalance metabólico. Se han señalado varias causas para su desarrollo, entre las que destacan la ingesta excesiva de calorías y el sedentarismo. Este desbalance entre la ingesta y el gasto energético resulta en un incremento de peso en la forma de tejido adiposo, estrechamente asociado con múltiples desórdenes metabólicos. El síndrome metabólico, así como sus consecuencias, representan un serio problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. De ahí, surge la importancia del establecimiento de estrategias exitosas para su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Si bien los estudios epidemiológicos arrojan bastante información, por razones éticas y metodológicas, es necesario abordar los aspectos experimentales con modelos animales. A la fecha, existen múltiples modelos de manera que la elección de uno en específico requiere de la cuidadosa consideración de las variables o fenómenos a estudiar. En esta revisión se abordan aspectos generales del síndrome metabólico. Asimismo, se discuten las características generales de los modelos murinos más empleados en su estudio, como son los basados en dietas altas en carbohidratos y en grasas, además de los genéticos. En particular, para los modelos de dietas altas en grasa, se consideran otros aspectos como el porcentaje de kcal provenientes de la grasa, el tipo de ácidos grasos empleados, los regímenes de alimentación, así como los efectos multigeneracionales.

Abstract Nowadays technology has acquired a significant role in our lives; social networking, internet, video games and mobile devices became the primary communication and interaction. Even though this phenomenon may represent a “double edged sword” providing us of positive but also negative results, the internet addiction problem that occurs when people develop a dependence on internet connectivity, might even lead them to have symptoms of anxiety and violence reporting “abstinence periods” when they don´t have access to a network source and generate similar brain alterations that alcohol and drugs does [Phubbing]. Aim. To describe the impact that reflects the technology as a risk factor on interpersonal relations in our environment, as well as locate the possible physiological consequences that these can cause. Method. Sectional survey applied on two groups of 50 students, between 2014-2106. Results. Results throw us that the impact of social media addiction, internet and cell phone´s usefulness represents therefore a significant risk for their health, to hinder emotional relationships within their family and personal impact on cognitive and emotional health. The negative impact is personal and collective, enphasizing the cell phone use while driving a vehicle and its addiction (Phubbing) causes accidents and impacts on morbi-mortality. Conclusions. Phubbing has led to a significant impact in our actual society, increases on morbi-mortality. This is not positive results.

Resumen Hoy en día la tecnología ha adquirido un papel importante en nuestras vidas; Las redes sociales, Internet, los videojuegos y los dispositivos móviles se convirtieron en la principal comunicación e interacción. Aunque este fenómeno puede representar un "arma de doble filo" que nos proporciona resultados positivos pero también negativos, el problema de la adicción a Internet que ocurre cuando las personas desarrollan una dependencia de la conectividad a Internet, puede incluso llevarlos a tener síntomas de ansiedad y violencia que reportan "abstinencia". periodos” en los que no tienen acceso a una fuente de red y generan alteraciones cerebrales similares a las del alcohol y las drogas [Phubbing]. Objetivo. Describir el impacto que refleja la tecnología como factor de riesgo sobre las relaciones interpersonales en nuestro entorno, así como localizar las posibles consecuencias fisiológicas que estas pueden ocasionar. Método. Encuesta seccional aplicada a dos grupos de 50 alumnos, entre 2014-2106. Resultados: Los resultados nos arrojan que el impacto de la adicción a las redes sociales, internet y la utilidad del teléfono celular representa por tanto un riesgo significativo para su salud, al dificultar las relaciones emocionales dentro de su familia y el impacto personal en la salud cognitiva y emocional. El impacto negativo es personal y colectivo, enfatizando el uso del celular en la conducción de un vehículo y su adicción (Phubbing) provoca accidentes e impactos en la morbimortalidad. Conclusiones. Phubbing ha tenido un impacto significativo en nuestra sociedad actual, incrementos en la morbimortalidad. Esto es resultados no positivos.

Abstract Nowadays technology has acquired a significant role in our lives; social networking, internet, video games and mobile devices became the primary communication and interaction. Even though this phenomenon may represent a “double edged sword” providing us of positive but also negative results, the internet addiction problem that occurs when people develop a dependence on internet connectivity, might even lead them to have symptoms of anxiety and violence reporting “abstinence periods” when they don´t have access to a network source and generate similar brain alterations that alcohol and drugs does [Phubbing]. Aim. To describe the impact that reflects the technology as a risk factor on interpersonal relations in our environment, as well as locate the possible physiological consequences that these can cause. Method. Sectional survey applied on two groups of 50 students, between 2014-2106. Results. Results throw us that the impact of social media addiction, internet and cell phone´s usefulness represents therefore a significant risk for their health, to hinder emotional relationships within their family and personal impact on cognitive and emotional health. The negative impact is personal and collective, enphasizing the cell phone use while driving a vehicle and its addiction (Phubbing) causes accidents and impacts on morbi-mortality. Conclusions. Phubbing has led to a significant impact in our actual society, increases on morbi-mortality. This is not positive results.

Resumen Hoy en día la tecnología ha adquirido un papel importante en nuestras vidas; Las redes sociales, Internet, los videojuegos y los dispositivos móviles se convirtieron en la principal comunicación e interacción. Aunque este fenómeno puede representar un "arma de doble filo" que nos proporciona resultados positivos pero también negativos, el problema de la adicción a Internet que ocurre cuando las personas desarrollan una dependencia de la conectividad a Internet, puede incluso llevarlos a tener síntomas de ansiedad y violencia que reportan "abstinencia". periodos” en los que no tienen acceso a una fuente de red y generan alteraciones cerebrales similares a las del alcohol y las drogas [Phubbing]. Objetivo. Describir el impacto que refleja la tecnología como factor de riesgo sobre las relaciones interpersonales en nuestro entorno, así como localizar las posibles consecuencias fisiológicas que estas pueden ocasionar. Método. Encuesta seccional aplicada a dos grupos de 50 alumnos, entre 2014-2106. Resultados: Los resultados nos arrojan que el impacto de la adicción a las redes sociales, internet y la utilidad del teléfono celular representa por tanto un riesgo significativo para su salud, al dificultar las relaciones emocionales dentro de su familia y el impacto personal en la salud cognitiva y emocional. El impacto negativo es personal y colectivo, enfatizando el uso del celular en la conducción de un vehículo y su adicción (Phubbing) provoca accidentes e impactos en la morbimortalidad. Conclusiones. Phubbing ha tenido un impacto significativo en nuestra sociedad actual, incrementos en la morbimortalidad. Esto es resultados no positivos.

Abstract: In Mexico, 99 tick species have been registered and 26 species of Amblyomma genus are known; the Hidalgo state does not have updated catalogs of Amblyomma spp. Between October 2019 and March 2020, were samples of ticks done in the Otomi-Tepehua Region directly from cattle, horses, dogs, cats, humans, leaf litter, weeds, resting places of animals and animal corpses. In the municipalities of Huehuetla, Tenango de Doria and San Bartolo Tutotepec were gathered 735 samples from warm weather rangelands; 494 of the no engorged ticks were randomly selected and taxonomically recognized as A. mixtum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae). The ticks were caught from domestic hosts (n = 177), horses (n = 172), animals resting places (n = 51), humans (n = 34), animal corpses (n = 31) and cattle (n = 29). The locality that yielded the highest number of ectoparasites was Río Blanco (16.5%), followed by San Antonio (12.7%), El Canjoy (11.1%), San Isidro (9.5%) and La Esperanza Uno (8.9%); the highest infestation rates found were in horses (34.8%) and canines (32.9%), with all other host types under 10%. 13 ixodides A. mixtum were identified from humans that presented a clinical profile of fever (≥ 102.2 °F), severe muscle pain, lethargy, headache, papules and scoriations at the point of the tick bite. The tick A. mixtum is present in peridomestic environments of the Otomi Tepehua Region, where animal horses and canines serve as the principal disseminators from the rangelands to the rural housing.

Resumen: En México, se han registrado 99 especies de garrapatas y se conocen 26 especies pertenecientes al género Amblyomma; el estado de Hidalgo no cuenta con catálogos actualizados de Amblyomma spp. Durante el periodo de octubre 2019 a marzo de 2020, se realizaron recolecciones directas dentro de la Región Otomí-Tepehua sobre ganado vacuno y equino, perros, gatos, humanos, hojarasca, arvenses, lugares de descanso de los animales y animales atropellados. En los municipios de Huehuetla, Tenango de Doria y San Bartolo Tutotepec, se obtuvieron 735 muestras de garrapatas procedentes de agostaderos con climas cálidos y se seleccionaron al azar 494 ixódidos adultos no ingurgitados, identificados taxonómicamente como Amblyomma mixtum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae). Las garrapatas fueron capturadas en hospedantes domésticos (n = 177), equinos (n = 172), sitios de descanso de animales (n= 51), de humanos (n = 34), animales atropellados (n = 31) y ganado vacuno (n = 29). La localidad que presentó mayor incidencia de ectoparásitos fue Río Blanco (16,5%), seguida de San Antonio (12,7%), El Canjoy (11,1%), San Isidro (9,5%) y La Esperanza Uno (8,9%); los hospedantes con mayor índice de infestación fueron el ganado equino (34,8%) y los caninos (32,9%), mientras que el resto presentó valores menores al 10%. Se obtuvieron 13 ixódidos A. mixtum de humanos que padecieron fiebre (≥ 39 °C), dolor muscular intenso, letargo, cefalea, pápulas y escoriaciones en el sitio de la picadura. La garrapata A. mixtum está presente en ambientes peridomésticos de la Región Otomí-Tepehua, donde los equinos y caninos fungen como los principales diseminadores de los agostaderos hacia las viviendas rurales.